Non timber forest products in india o it provides 50% of income for 2030% of rural people in india sekhar et ai. Steps for starting a nontimber forest products business this website was created to help small forestland owners commercially develop nontimber forest product. A series of land management handbooks on this theme are being copublished by the ministry of forests and range and the centre for nontimber resources at royal roads university. Nontimber forest products also offer a means to generate a steady income from forest lands on the farm. The importance of nontimber forest products for forest. This article will present an overview of different approaches related to the use of non timber forest products ntfp, focusing on the ecological and social domain of their exploitation. Non timber forest products ntfps are goods of biological origin other than timber from natural, modified or managed forested landscapes.
Although evidence shows that the extraction of ntfps results in forest degradation, there have been few studies on what drives. Tropical forest resources fall into two groups, timber and non timber forest products, the latter consisting of fruit, oils, latex, fibres and medicines peters 1989. Non timber forest products ntfps for sustained livelihood. Valuation of tropical forests has been traditionally based on a financial appraisal of its timber stock. This thesis describes the use of non timber forest products ntfps by indigenous peoples of northwest guyana. The issues surrounding the certification of forests with significant nontimber forest product valuesfor both subsistence and commercial useare complex and varied. Non timber forest products ntfps play an important role in the life and economy of people living in and around forests. In addition to timber, paper, and bioenergy, a number of products are extracted from forests that have important local and economic uses, and have been, suggested by researchers and some environmental ngos and agencies to offer additional.
Relative to forest management for the production of timber, non timber forest products ntfps and environmental services received only scant attention by forest departments until recently. Emerging policy issues on nontimber forest products in nepal. Non timber forest products ntfp are generally defined as products derived from biological resources. Service defines them as special forest products usda forest service 2001. Forest conservation and environmental management in nepal. Relative to forest management for the production of timber, nontimber forest products ntfps and environmental services received only scant attention by forest departments until recently. Understanding nontimber forest products activity on the land. The study identified the variety of nontimber forest products ntfps available to rural households, the level of income generated by households from. However, in most countries the governance of this important but broad category of products has been ineffective or counterproductive to the objectives of sustainability and livelihood improvement.
Fruits, nuts, fibers, and medicines are all found in the rainforest, not to mention one the most important of all economic products derived from the amazon rubber. In many instances, these nontimber forest products can be compatible and complimentary to traditional timber management. The expressions nontimber forest products, nonwood forest products, and minor forest products, are frequently used interchangeably wong, 2000. Nwfps and similar terms such as minor, secondary and nontimber forest products ntfps have emerged as umbrella expressions for the vast array. Non timber forest products forestry and natural resources. Presently, ntfp are defined as plant or animal products that exclude wood for different purposes or firewood coming from natural or managed plant formations. The appalachian region is a valuable source of non timber products that may offer alternative income opportunities for land owners. Many ntfps are important subsistence products while others are a valuable source of income. The significance and usefulness of forests date back to those days when man learnt the merits of a settled life. Forest type, or forest cover, refers to the dominant tree species in the overstory of a given site. In the modern world, forests have an important place in the general economy of any country. Studies on timber and other forest products in china suggest that farmers only capture between one quarter and one third of the huge profits occurring in the sector changjin, 1992, cited in ruizperez et al.
Tropical forest resources fall into two groups, timber and nontimber forest products, the latter consisting of fruit, oils, latex, fibres and medicines peters 1989. Economic value and role of nontimber forest products in the longterm management of forest resources in cote d ivoire leonie bonnehin the use of nontimber forest products in benin p. The role of nontimber forest products in creating incentives for. Economic potential of nontimber forest products in. Edibles the most common nontimber forest product from woodlands is food or edibles. Wickens 1991, for example, considered nontimber for est products to be all the biological material other than industrial round wood and derived. Chapter 2 valuing nontimber forest products chapter 3 nonmarket values chapter 4 other values chapter 5 national economies chapter 6 sustainable harvesting.
Fresh, dry and nonhandcrafted forest foliage and greenery. Nontimber forest products ntfps are wild plant and animal pro ducts harvested from forests, savannahs and other natural vegetation types. We explicate the flip side of ntfp discourse to help the stakeholders to harness the often missed opportunities from the forestry sector, rather than engaging only in discursive spheres. Fresh, dry and non handcrafted forest foliage and greenery. The range of ntfps is very diverse and includes those that are. Pdf diversity of nontimber forest products ntfps and.
Importance of nontimber forest products in the economic. The broad terms nontimber forest resources ntfr or nontimber forest products ntfp refer to natural resources collected from forests apart from sawn timber. Valuation of nontimber forest products ntfps models. Oct 06, 2015 non timber forest products in india o it provides 50% of income for 2030% of rural people in india sekhar et ai. Producers of forest products are heavily depending on the forest types and ownership see forest. Nonwood forest products nwfps are goods of biological origin other than wood, derived from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests. Economic potential of nontimber forest products in nepal. Part i contains a general analysis of ntfp harvesting in northwest guyana part ii is. Ntfp are available, they are imbedded within larger categories. Non timber forest products ntfps refers to products of biological origin other than timber, derived from forests. Nontimber forest products ntfps play an important role in the life and economy of people living in and around forests. Some examples include mushrooms, berries, bark, burls, conks, cones, boughs, diamond willow, landscaping transplants, and sap. The expressions non timber forest products, non wood forest products, and minor forest products, are frequently used interchangeably wong, 2000.
The term nontimber forest products ntfps encompasses all biological materials other than timber which are extracted from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests that include. A proliferation of research and funding have targeted this issue following peters 1989 influential study and considering the magnitude of people reliant on ntfps2. Governance of a nontimber forest product, marula sclerocarya birrea subsp. In many instances, these non timber forest products can be compatible and complimentary to traditional timber management. Freerk wiersum2 summary in the past, the capacity of nontimber forest products ntfps to contribute to tropical forest conservation and poverty alleviation was regarded as very promising. Although the assessment occasionally compared forest value visavis land conversion for agricultural or livestock production, it mostly overlooked the economic potential of non timber benefits including nontimber forest products dove, 1983, anderson and ioris, 1992. Assessment methods for non timber forest products in offreserve forests. This definition includes the use of wood for canoes, woodcarvings, local house construction, fencing materials and firewood, but excludes industrial timber. The processing of nontimber forest products through.
The faculty of forestry and environmental sciences, university of freiburg, germany. Valuation of nontimber forest products ntfps models, problems, and issues d. This report documents research and dataon the use of nontimber forest products ntfps from the six countries of the congo basin. This page provides landowners with information about economically important species that can be cultivated in the forest understory. Cultivation can take place in various forms, including the integration of ntfp species into agricultural production systems, particularly agroforestry.
Non timber forest products ntfps, also known as non wood forest products nwfps, minor forest produce, special, minor, alternative and secondary forest products, are useful substances, materials andor commodities obtained from forests which do not require harvesting logging trees. But, a more common and widespread term is nontimber forest products. Nontimber forest products natural resources canada. Usda forest service, southern research station, srs4702, blacksburg, virginia. Tewari school of economics and management, university of natal, durban, south africa, 4001 pages 4768. Understanding nontimber forest products activity on the. Extracting information is not straightforward, as seen from faos. Study on definition and classification of nontimber forest. The importance of nontimber forest products for forestbased. The importance of nontimber forest products for forestbased rural livelihoods. Diospyros melanoxylon nontimber forest products play a significant role in livelihoods around the world, providing critical subsistence and trade goods for forest and other communities. Figure 2 shows vegetation profiles and a sample species listing of common trees and shrubs gathered by the field team for this particular ntfp study.
The group is a memberowned cooperative that serves its members by developing markets for their products and services, assisting them in acquiring services and. Nontimber forest products ntfps are goods of biological origin other than timber from natural, modified or managed forested landscapes. They include fruits and nuts, vegetables, fish and game, medicinal plants, resins, essences and a range of barks and fibres such as bamboo, rattans, and a host of other palms and grasses. Lim and noor 1995 described rattan gathering in malaysia as not very attractive. But there are other products that can come from small woodlands that may also have a commercial market. In forest landscape of cambodia, nontimber forest products, which benefits the. Other attributes of nontimber forest products include health, wellbeing and gourmet. For enterprises that offer rural recreation, experience benefits need to be marketed. Hundreds of options exist from loggrown mushrooms, to woodland herbs like ginseng, or forest foods like watercress. Houngnon management of forest reserves and forested national parks in kenya. The terms nonwood forest products and nontimber forest products are used in a number of papers and can be considered synonymous, unless otherwise stated.
Products made from wood new york state department of. Pdf non timber forest products ntfps for sustained. Nontimber forest products ntfps refers to products of biological origin other than timber, derived from forests. Livelihood dependency on nontimber forest products. Nontimber forest products ntfp is a highly disseminated term internationally and was initially used for a wide variety of differentiated forest products fig. Silviculture is the art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests and woodlands to meet the diverse needs and values of landowners and society such as wildlife habitat, timber, water resources, restoration, and recreation on a sustainable basis. Oregon forest industry directory this regional webbased directory lists buyers and sellers of forest products and has an extensive section devoted to nontimber forest products. The general processes for commercial land can include seedling production, site preparation, planting, applying fertilizers and herbicides. A forest product is any material derived from forestry for direct consumption or commercial use, such as lumber, paper, or forage for livestock. Deodar cedrus deodara and broad leaf species like oak quercus incana. Article submitted to himalaya, the journal of the association for nepal and himalayan studies keywords.
Cameroon, central african republic car, republic of congo or congobrazzaville referred to in the report as congob, democratic republic of congo drc, gabon, equatorial guinea. This chapter will touch briefly on timber product options but will focus mainly on nontimber products. Full papers or extended abstracts are included for the majority of conference sessions of the 5. They include fruits and nuts, vegetables, medicinal plant s, gum and resins, essences, bamboo, rattans and palms. Nontimber forest products 6 1 introduction nontimber forest products ntfps are wild plant and animal products harvested from forests, savannahs and other natural vegetation types.
Nontimber forest products ntfps are products other than wood derived from fo rests, agroforests, plantations, bushlands, scrublands and shrublands fao, 1999. A great first step in ntfp management exploration is connecting with the oregon woodland cooperative. A great deal of it is specific to localities, products or groups of people. Current issues in nontimber forest products research cifor. Interest in ntfps grew slowly during the 1980s, in response to calls for using forests sustainably for the benefit of the wider society and particularly the. Nontimber forest product resources to get you started. Emerging policy issues on nontimber forest products in nepal author. Diversity of nontimber forest products ntfps and their source species in menagesha suba forest. A number of colorados forests are characterized as disturbance driven. We also discuss the role of ethnobotany in the study of these. The distribution of forest types across the landscape is determined by factors such as climate, soil, elevation, aspect and disturbance history rogers, et al, 2001 3. Mar 05, 2020 the term non timber forest products ntfps encompasses all biological materials other than timber which are extracted from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests that include.
These products are often referred to as nontimber forest products or specialty forest products. This article will present an overview of different approaches related to the use of nontimber forest products ntfp, focusing on the ecological and social domain of their exploitation. The terms non wood forest products and non timber forest products are used in a number of papers and can be considered synonymous, unless otherwise stated. Many of these nontimber products can be cultivated and harvested on an annual basis providing more frequent income than timber sales. Pdf the scope of nontimber forest products ntfps is broadening over the. Forests and non timber forest products non timber forest products ntfps are any product or service other than timber that is produced in forests. Nontimber forest products cover a wide range of roots, barks, stems, exudates, leaves, fruits, flowers, seeds, fungi, invertebrates as well as birds, animals and related products. Oct 17, 2008 valuation of nontimber forest products ntfps models, problems, and issues d. As wood is the dominant product of the forest product, the processes of producing wood products are important.
Nontimber forest products, often referred to as ntfps, are an important aspect of forests and forest use in many parts of the world. India presents a compelling case for the study of ntfps and their governance. Total collection and royalty to government from ntfps in fy200203200405. In its present forms, this knowledge does not allow us to. Study on definition and classification of nontimber. Social forestry division, department of forest and park services, in 2008 also reflected the fao definition of 1999, in national strategy for the development of nonwood forest products in bhutan. Nontimber forest products and local livelihoods iucn portals. Nontimber forest products ntfps are any product or service other than timber that is produced in forests. Sustainable production of wood and nonwood forest products. Products made from wood terry conners, extension specialist in forest products list created july, 2002 from a number of other lists, with additions. Not included are rocks, minerals, soil, water, animals, or animal parts. In addition to timber, paper, and bioenergy, a number of products are extracted from forests that have important local and economic uses, and have been, suggested by researchers and some environmental ngos and agencies to offer additional economic benefits. Finally, the discussion and conclusion are presented.
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